Education in Ancient civilizations

17/11/2017

EDUCATION IN ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS

This project is divided in three civilizations: India, Egypt and Mesopotamia. 

On the one hand, India’s civilizations began on the banks of Indian’s River. Indian’s early invaders were the aryans, who conquered India in 1500 B.c. This people did cultural changes and exerted powerful social and educational influences. 

The main important subjects were The Four Vedas, Six Vedangas, The Upanishads, Puranas and Tarka shastra. Besides, the aims were to provide good training to young men and woman, preservation and enrichment of culture, character and personality development and cultivation of noble ideas and also ethical and biological education. To achieve this objectives the methodology was divided in memorization, story telling, question and answer method and hands on method.

The most important authors were Vyasa and Mahabharata. 

At the present, Rabindranath Tagore reduced the use of textbook learning in favour of varied learning resources from nature. He emphasized on self-motivation and intellectual curiosity. 

On the other hand, now I am going to focused on Egypt which is divided in three periods: old empire, middle empire and new empire. 

The education began at the age of 4 and it was based on social ranks: the pharaoh, princes and princesses, paints and sculptures and normal people. According to girls, they learned to dance, music, housework and morals. What is more, the school were only for boys and were limited.

There were three types of school system: house of education, transcribers school and Janet’s house.

Finally, the third civilization of this unit is Mesopotamia. Education was the first established for the propuse of training scribes. The major aim of Sumerian school through its existence. The methodology was classist as the family had big weight because children imited their parents.Besides, teaching was like a routine because they learn from the book by memorization. 

Theological and polytheists thought that the main teacher was the environment and the context.

From my point of view, in this work we can learn that in ancient times there were lots of methodologies and the aims were very different between these civilization. 

The practice that this group used to make us better understand their work was a game with glasses.